Facts, Fiction and Silas Marner Essay Topics

Facts, Fiction and Silas Marner Essay Topics Ok, I Think I Understand Silas Marner Essay Topics, Now Tell Me About Silas Marner Essay Topics! On your very first reading, you can aim for an extensive grasp of the passage and consider how you might use it in order to answer the question. Paying attention to speech and action, as well as narratorial description, enables the reader to come up with a comprehension of character. Analysis of the Novel There are a lot of life lessons within this story! Most students often find it challenging to be critical, probably since they are beneath the impression that to be able to critique something you need to possess expert-level understanding. This sample paper on Silas Marner provides a framework of relevant facts depending on the recent research in the specialty. Setting out to write a vital book review is an intimidating task. These outline guidelines are really important because the moment that you detail them, you'll have an obvious structure in your head. We will supply you with finest written topic in Silas Marner essays depending on your requirements. Silas Marner Essay Topics Ideas Godfrey isn't certain what to do. Themes are employed within this novel to portray what George Elliot was attempting to demonstrate the readers. Now he's totally free to marry Nancy. He tells Nancy he will change. The Most Popular Silas Marner Essay Topics The most important conflict of the story isn't really established until 94% of the book was read. Let's look at the key characters in the story. You may read the book more easily in the event you take less care and don't attempt to read between the lines however by doing s o you would miss a good deal of what the book is truly about. The perfect way to make this easy is to write down your ideas and impressions while you're reading the book. If your summary comprises spoilers, ensure you warn your readers about it. To be certain, there are many characters who lend a whole lot of local color to the story, but they add considerably more than that. Include a summary of the book in which you summarize the plot and also present an expression of your general judgment. The 2 plots aren't unrelated, however. They've a 2-year-old girl. Silas Marner is found in several high school anthologies and is frequently utilized to introduce students to Victorian Literature. Eppie would like to select the bush where Molly died into the garden. Silas asks for the doctor because there's a dead body outside his home. Another is using custom and tradition. This is whenever the sapling has started to circulate but before that there's no such indication of life on the outward. The book covers a lengthy period of time over thirty decades. In his last decades, Marner's life is currently fulfilled. It will get somewhat repetitive, and it appears that we won't observe a great deal of those folks again. There were lots of people making lots of money by setting up various industries. The Silas Marner Essay Topics Game George Eliot's Silas Marner furthers this concept that, even though there is evil on the planet, intimate human relationships are capable of creating happiness in the middle of brokenness. On the 1 hand, there's the title character. Throughout the book there's absolutely no moment once I feel Silas is not achieving the function of a guy. Silas and Eppie, on the flip side, though they don't have status or wealth, seem to relish unmitigated happiness. Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass both have various outlooks towards life, due to the events that happen on account of their social rank. Silas Marner essays can be challenging to write. Silas spent plenty of time alone with Eppie. He is not into it at all. He is going to keep the child. He becomes attached to the child and decides that he is going to keep it. Ultimately, individuals need to consider about their situations and act from that point. There's also an event of destiny. Don't forget to pay close attention to the question you've chosen to reply. I cannot answer that question, but it's one that's well worth thinking about. The Nuiances of Silas Marner Essay Topics Elliot shows many intersections between the 2 households. It is very important to remember that it's selfless love that is shown to result in this transformation. Eliot's writing style is also quite simple because of the Dutch realism' involved. You may be requested to write about mood and atmosphere, or a specific character, or even about your own personal reply to the passage or to a character. The impacts of the passage of time on the primary characters are described. In the start, there's very little connection between them, but by the close of the tale they're inseparable. It seems that the change effected within this scene is not only in those who fear, but additionally in the object of their fear. I'll talk about the recording below.

Cyber Bullying And The Modern Age Essay - 1268 Words

The Internet is a major part of the lives of children of this generation, yet most parents do not know exactly what their children do on the computer. As teenagers socially establish themselves within peer groups, and involve their parents less and less in their social lives, they are less likely to tell their parents what they are doing on the internet, or share internet conversations with their family. This allows cyber bullies to target victims without any repercussions. For the most part, cyber bullying is much like traditional forms of bullying, except for the fact that they take place online. It is generally viewed as a normative part of child development, and is done as a means of elevation one’s own social position. As cyber bullying takes place among other forms of bullying in the modern age research is being done by scientists to learn more about the nature of these aggressive acts and how to best deal with this problem amongst youth. Definitions of cyber bullying differ among scholars. In a study of cyber bullying cyber bullying was described as, â€Å"An aggressive, intentional act carried out by a group or individual, using electronic forms of contact, repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or herself â€Å" (Smith, et al., 2008). Other experts define cyber bullying as â€Å"willful and repeated harm inflicted through the use of computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices† (â€Å"Cyberbullying Statistics, 2015). When they speak to students,Show MoreRelatedCyber Bullying And Its Effect On Society1536 Words   |  7 PagesBullying has been an extreme issue all around the world for hundreds of years, and since modern technology has advanced, so has cyber bullying. â€Å"‘Gimme’ your lunch money† has turned into texting and posting gruesome threats and embarrassing material all over social media. Millions of kids all over the world have taken t heir own lives due to the harmful effects of cyber bullying. Problems that cannot be resolved independently are brought to court, and the government has become increasingly involvedRead MoreEfforts to Fight Cyber Bullying1182 Words   |  5 Pagesthat we still can not being to understand. At the same time the modern day mouse also has been use applied in ways that mimic its treacherous definitional predecessors. The click of a mouse has cause youthful individuals to commit suicide and live lifestyles that are indulged in depression. Cyber bullying is a fairly new type of violence and this is why it is so hard to counter. One of the most prominent forms of counter-cyber bullying that the United States implements is through legislations, whichRead MoreCyberbullying And Its Effect On Society893 Words   |  4 PagesThe advancements in modern technology pose a new challenge in today’s society. It affects not only students, but adults and teachers alike in contesting what is commonly known as cyberbullying. Cyberbullying can be defined as the willful and repeated use of cellphones, computers, and other electronic communication devices to harass and threaten others. (McQuade, 2006) Because we live in a cyber society, nearly anyone can become a victim of cyber bullying. It is important to distinguish the differenceRead MoreFactors that Leads Teens to Commit Suicide741 Words   |  3 Pagesdecision to take his or her own life. Adolescent suicide rates have no doubt risen over the past 50 years, but the question is, why? As our world continues to advance decade by decade, modern-day teenagers exper ience problems that are quite different than those faced by teens from previous generations. One distinct, modern influence of teenage suicide is social media. Naturally, most teenagers today own or have access to a smart phone, computer, or other device that can be used to connect to the internetRead MoreCyber Socializing Has Effects Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesMany of us know about cyber socializing, and have used some form of it. Whether it’s texting on a cell phone, chatting on Facebook, or sending e-mails, it’s become a part of everyday life. All of these types of modern technology not only make things easier to contact people, but it can go deeper than that and help you stay in touch with maybe a close relative who lives far away, or a friend who just moved away from home. But at the same time, all of these things need to be used carefully becauseRead MoreCyber-Bullying Today999 Words   |  4 Pagesvarious amounts of tasks. With the new age of technology ma ny young adults have easier access to the web and social media than their past generations. â€Å"Over 80 percent of teens use a cell phone regularly, making it the most popular form of technology and a common medium for cyber bullying† (Cyberbullying Research Center, 2010). The World Wide Web and social media have opens up a black hole to psychological and emotional stress for some young adults. Cyber bullying is defined as a form of teen violenceRead MoreThe Eternal Effects of Cyber Bullying1196 Words   |  5 PagesOnce upon a time the age of innocence in the adolescent years was filled with long walks by the pond, playing stickball, dress up, tea parties, rough housing with friends and the love of a favorite doll. Those days are true still today yet in most every ones childhood memory they have been subjected or their friends were at the mercy of the schoolyard bully. The aggressive kid that was determined to make at least one other schoolmates life miserable whether i t was muscle over might or sheer hostilityRead MoreThe Increasing Influence of Bullies1351 Words   |  5 PagesBullying is the abuse of the difference in power between the bully and the victim. Bullying should not be written off as kids just being kids. It should not be excused as a part of growing up. Bullying also is not something that victims should be left to work out for themselves, because it can change the victim in long-term and devastating ways. It has become more problematic, and the methods of domination and exploration are much more varied and even more invisible to the watchful eye of protectiveRead MoreAn Analysis of Cyber-Bullying in a Multiethnic Sample Essays974 Words   |  4 PagesThe advancements in modern technology poses a new challenge in today’s youth, affecting not just students but adults and teachers alike in combating what is popularly known as cyber-bullying. Cyber-bullying emerged from the anonymity technology provides bullies, the victimsâ₠¬â„¢ would receive repeated taunts, flames, in the form of emails, text messages, messages lefts on the victims’ social networking sites up to exclusion from those media sites. Goebert, D., Else, I., Matsu, C., Chung-Do, J., andRead MoreCyberbullying: Are Social Networking Websites The Cause? Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesFacebook in one month. (Facebook) In todays day and age, social networking sites have taken over the internet. Sites such as MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, and Tumblr have linked people together in a way that was never thought possible. However, from all good comes bad, and from social networking sites the act of cyber bullying - bullying and harassing someone through the internet was born. Now, whether or not the websites are the cause of cyber bullying has become a rather controversial topic. Abraham

Human Resource Strategy Formulation - Implementation and Impact

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Strategy for Formulation, Implementation and Impact. Answer: Introduction The international human resource management comprises of numerous activities which are aimed at management of the employees at international level so that the organizational objectives can be achieved (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). This activity is common for multinational organizations where the human resource managers need to take care of the employee bas spanning across several countries. The individuals who have either temporarily or permanently migrated to a foreign location other than the home country are known as expatriates (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). There are several issues that are faced by them when they start working in another country. One of the most prominent of them is the cultural differences. This report would discuss about three international human resource issues which are faced by the expatriates. The concluding part of the report would also give suitable recommendations for addressing the issue. Discussion A typical international human resources management would include the management of three kinds of employees such as host country employees, home country employees and the third country (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). There are several issues faced by the expatriate when they visit a foreign land (Harzing and Zhang 2016). There are three main issues which would be discussed in this report- cultural issues, training and development and recruitment/selection. Factors affecting international HRM The multinational organization that is engaged in multiple businesses is not always associated with homogeneity of the human resources. The following factors are associated with management of the human resources such as Cultural factors- The wide cultural differences across the countries pose a challenge to the HR managers (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). In some parts of the world, there is dominance of the patriarchal system, however, in some parts of the world, people disrespect such attitudes. Economic factors- The individual differences between countries create an impact on the human resource management (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The value of productivity, economic parameters and others affect the HR practices. Labor cost factors- The high labor expenses need focus on the efficiency of the human resources policies such as Pay for Performance (Lazarova McNulty and Semeniuk 2015). There is disparity of the labor costs, number of working hours and others. Industrial relations factors- The relationship between the labor unions, workers and the employer can have significant impact on the international HRM practices (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). Issues of international human resource management Cultural Issues The cultural forces are one of the strongest determinants in international human resources management (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The national culture of one country is different with that of other country. The cultural forces are affected by the societal forces which determine the actions, beliefs and values of a group of people (Bamberger Biron and Meshoulam 2014). The culture of India and Australia are different and hence the expatriate who would be visiting the country would be facing cultural differences. For example, Indians have a conservative culture whereas Australia possesses an open culture. The corporate culture in the foreign country is unknown to the expatriate. It is true that the company information is available on the website of the company, however, the real culture cannot be felt from a foreign location (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The culture of a country is multifaceted (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The customs as well as ideas are some of the usual manifestation s of culture. It affects the understanding of the people as well as the identity of an individual. The corporate culture is influenced by beliefs, practices and the values of the company. The employees induct the culture through the process of observation as well as training (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). However, the expatriate employees are unable to absorb the culture of the foreign country immediately after joining the new workplace. They would be unable to understand the organizational practices of frugality, integrity and corporate social responsibility. The organizational values are usually unspoken and hence the expatriates find it difficult to understand them (Ravu and Parker 2015). The organizational culture is usually influenced by internal reward policies, behavior of the employees and the national culture of the country (Scott 2013). There are difficulties with the cultural integration especially in a diverse organization. The human resource manager may find it difficult to attract, retain as well motivate the best employees of the organization (Bamberger Biron and Meshoulam 2014). They may also find it difficult to do employee engagement activities. Experts opine that around 31% of the new employee integration causes due to the cultural mismatch (Ravu and Parker 2015). There would be cultural differences between the employees and the company management. The cultural differences would become a serious problem for the new employee who has recently joined Australian organizations (Oyewobi Abiola-Falemu and Ibironke 2016). The employee would not be able to engage in clear communication with the team members. He would not be able to engage in non-verbal business etiquettes that are essential for engaging in successful business practices (Ravu and Parker 2015). He would not be able to interact with the international teams nor would he be able to engage in negotiations with the foreign organizations. He would not be able to adjust to the new organizational culture which is a representative of the national culture (Jaques 2013). For example, the expatriate would know that being polite is a norm in the workplace, however, he would not be aware of the degree of politeness that must be ideally displayed in the organization. Politeness can be perceived in a di fferent way in a new geographical domain (Spencer-Oatey and Kdr 2016). There can also be differences in the expectations as well as norms in the workplace. The religion is known to have intense impact on the personal identity of the professionals. In Australia, majority of the religions are Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Christian and Anglican (Dunn and Piracha 2015). The Indian person would not be able to understand the religious sentiments of this group of people. The leadership style of the individuals varies from one country to the other (Spencer-Oatey and Kdr 2016). The Australian style of leadership would not be same as the Indian style of leadership. The Indians tend to prefer a paternalistic leadership style and they tend to respect the skills of the superiors (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). The juniors in the Indian corporate environment expect attention and the leaders display top down communication approach. This is not common in the Australian workplaces. The Australian workplaces are able to align themselves quickly with the company objectives and they are usually less satisfied (Mawer 2014). This may create issues for the expatr iates where they might not be able to cope up with the new corporate culture. Training and Development Issues The international human resource management faces a constant issue with the training and the development function which is most prevalent in the multinational organizations. The training programs usually comprise of in house seminars, classroom training, e-learning and the meetings that are designed to impart job related skills to the employees (McArdle 2015). One of the most crucial issues in this regard is the language barriers. The Indian employee who has started working in Australia would find it difficult to understand fluent English language (McArdle 2015). The organization has to invest more in the language classes, which would often be not so successful, if the concerned employee has severe language issues (Benson and Voller 2014). He may take a long time in conversing with the Australian counterparts in their native language. This would hamper the productivity of the organization in the long run. This is because the employee would not be able to perform to his fullest potent ial. The identification of the current skills as well as expertise of the expatriate needs to be done by the human resource department (McArdle 2015). However, there can be instances, when the human resource department would be unable to do so. This creates shortage in the skills training of the new candidates which would make them unable to perform the job duties (McArdle 2015). There are other problems associated with the training program such as the nature of the job. The temporary nature of most of the jobs does not allow the human resource managers to allocate budget for the training purposes (Ulrich 2013). Hence, there is lack of expertise of the training experts which makes the training process not so effective. There may be lack of training experts which may impart appropriate training to the expatriates. There may also be a conservative mindset which would compel the human resource managers to give less importance to the training process (Ulrich 2013). The effectiveness of training an expatriate may be a matter of concern for the human resource team of the Australian organization. There may be absence of an interpreter who would interpret the local language of India to Australian language, so that it can be well understood by the Australian counterparts (Nicholas and Starks 2014). The components of the training program may not be designed in an appro priate manner. An ideal training process may include the field experiences and the sensitivity training which is essential for the overall development of an individual (Kolb 2014). The training is often concerned with the lack of understanding of the intuition as well as unsystematic methods of training the expatriates. An expatriate individual would be unable to cope up with the new environment and may also find it difficult to concentrate on the training schedules (Nicholas and Starks 2014). The expatriates are considered as foreigners in the host country and their needs are often not addressed by the training managers (Kolb 2014). The inadequate training process would lead to a decrease in the self confidence of the employees. The training should commence a year before the expatriate starts to live in the foreign country (Nicholas and Starks 2014). However, in a majority of the situations, the training commences when the person migrates to a foreign land. This makes the person un comfortable and unprepared when he actually commences his professional journey in a foreign country (Kolb 2014). This affects the productivity of the concerned employees, especially in the first few months of his overseas career. Recruitment and Selection The recruitment and selection process is an important area in the international human resource management. The recruiting efforts in the home country are different from that in the foreign countries. The human resource professionals should take care of the regulations, cultural differences and the language considerations (Moran Abramson and Moran 2014). However, the cross border human resource managers often omit these minute details while designing the recruitment policy. There are issues with the recruitment policy of the multinational companies such as cooperation, demographic beliefs, culture, racism and legal factors. It is hard to determine the recruitment sources for filling up the overseas vacancies (Moran Abramson and Moran 2014). This makes it difficult to find the right candidates for filling up the vacancies. It is also important to determine the demographic composition of the candidates to be interviewed. This makes them unaware of the different skills of the employees ( Moran Abramson and Moran 2014). The recruiter is unable to understand the job competence, relational traits, personality traits and the environmental variables of the new candidates (Cocchiara Bell and Casper 2014). The job competencies such as technical skills include the knowledge of the host country and job operations, which may be unknown to the candidate. It is not possible for the Indian candidate to know about the traditions and corporate culture in Australia. The candidate may not be able to display sufficient social skills such as ability to tolerate ambiguity and the art of courtesy (Moran Abramson and Moran 2014). The human resource manager would be unable to tackle issues such as family concerns, ability to adjust, right selection of the candidates and the experience level of the candidates (Stredwick 2013). The human resource manager would be unable to analyze the educational backgrounds and the experience level of the candidates. This makes them unsure about the suitability of the candidates to the organizational vacancies. There are instances when the candidate faces racism when venturing into a foreign land (Moran Abramson and Moran 2014). The selection process may not serve the purpose in a correct manner. The human resource managers may not be able to apply all the criteria for selecting the right candidate. The candidate s must be evaluated on the basis of personal characteristics, communication skills, cultural adjustments, personal factors and the ability to satisfy the organizational requirements (Zakarevi?ius and Ã… ½uperkien? 2015). The human resource managers are unable to screen the background of the applicants on the basis of parameters such as work experience, earlier overseas assignment experience, foreign language fluency and the overall job performance of the concerned person (Aswathappa 2013). The primary mode of interview is through the online telecommunications such as Skype, which makes it difficult for the recruiter to analyze the behavioral aspects of the candidates (Zakarevi?ius and Ã… ½uperkien? 2015). This would make incorrect recruiting decisions by selecting the misfit candidate. The human resource recruiters often fail to understand the local needs of the organizations (Aswathappa 2013). They are increasingly becoming unable to find the right skills for the organization that would be successful in achieving the organizational objectives. These reasons are responsible for the lack of success of the recruitment as well as selection initiatives. Methodology The study was conducted in the Sydney business area of Australia. The sample size was 100 and it comprised of the Indians who have migrated in Australia in the last 5 years. A structured questionnaire was formulated and distributed among the participants. The face to face interview was conducted to know the exact responses of the participants. The questionnaires were also sent to the sample population through emails. The Google forms were used to collect data from the participants. The forms allowed the researchers to gather, compile and interpret the data. The method used for data analysis was qualitative data analysis is narrative analysis and content analysis. In narrative analysis, the transcribed experience is used to display the experiences of the expatriates. In the case of content analysis, the behavioral data is being categorized so that is easy to classify, summarize and tabulate the findings. Recommendation The cultural issues may be addressed with proper attention. The constant communication is a key to address the issues of cultural diversity. A relationship of trust should be created and the expatriate should be interacted personally for determining their challenges. The training and development issues should be solved by designing suitable training packages for the expatriates. They should be exposed to the training process even before the candidates actually join the overseas job opportunities. The human resource department should impart language training to the foreign nationals. The presence of an interpreter is also desirable which would also increase the organizational efficiency. The human resource recruiter should try to look for alternate sources of recruitment such as attending conferences, international job fairs, local online jib portals and others. The organizational policies should focus on the preferences as well as needs of the expatriates. Conclusion The international human resource management is one of the most crucial aspects of the management. The cross cultural managers often face the issue of international human resource management. There are several issues that are associated when an expatriate start to work in a foreign country. There are several factors associated with the international HRM such as cultural factors, economic factors, industrial relations factors and labor cost factors. There are three issues discussed in this report such as cultural issues, training as well as development and recruitment as well as selection. This report identified the different cultural factors which determine the success of the expatriates in a foreign country. The training and the development function comprises of the difficulty in assessing the competency of the candidates. The recruitment as well as selection function cannot be performed fully by the human resource professionals. This report would broaden the understanding of the int ernational HRM issues. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Aswathappa, K., 2013.Human resource management: Text and cases. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Bamberger, P.A., Biron, M. and Meshoulam, I., 2014.Human resource strategy: Formulation, implementation, and impact. Routledge. Benson, P. and Voller, P., 2014.Autonomy and independence in language learning. Routledge. Cocchiara, F.K., Bell, M.P. and Casper, W.J., 2014. Sounding Different: The Role of Sociolinguistic Cues in Evaluating Job Candidates.Human Resource Management. Dunn, K.M. and Piracha, A., 2015. The multifaith city in an era of post-secularism: The complicated geographies of Christians, non-Christians and non-faithful across Sydney, Australia. InThe changing world religion map(pp. 1635-1654). Springer Netherlands. Harzing, A.W. and Zhang, L.E., 2016. From dilemmatic struggle to legitimized indifference: expatriates host country language learning and its impact on the expatriate-HCE relationship.Journal of World Business. Jaques, E., 2013.The changing culture of a factory(Vol. 7). Routledge. Kolb, D.A., 2014.Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press. Lazarova, M., McNulty, Y. and Semeniuk, M., 2015. Expatriate family narratives on international mobility: key characteristics of the successful moveable family. InWork and Family Interface in the International Career Context(pp. 29-51). Springer International Publishing. Mawer, G., 2014.Language and literacy in workplace education: Learning at work. Routledge. McArdle, G.E., 2015.Training design and delivery: A guide for every trainer, training manager, and occasional trainer. Association for Talent Development. Moran, R.T., Abramson, N.R. and Moran, S.V., 2014.Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Nicholas, H. and Starks, D., 2014.Language education and applied linguistics: Bridging the two fields. Routledge. Oyewobi, L.O., Abiola-Falemu, O.J. and Ibironke, O.T., 2016. The impact of rework and organisational culture on project delivery.Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology,14(2). Ravu, S.Y. and Parker, K.M., 2015. Expatriates And Knowledge Transfer: A Case Study Of A PowerPlant Constructed In Africa.The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online),14(2), p.327. Scott, W.R., 2013.Institutions and organizations: Ideas, interests, and identities. Sage Publications. Spencer-Oatey, H. and Kdr, D., 2016. The bases of (im) politeness evaluations: Culture, the moral order and the EastWest debate.East Asia Pragmatics,1(1). Stredwick, J., 2013.An introduction to human resource management. Routledge. Ulrich, D., 2013.Human resource champions: The next agenda for adding value and delivering results. Harvard Business Press. Zakarevi?ius, P. and Ã… ½uperkien?, E., 2015. Improving the Development of Managers Personal and Professional Skills.Engineering Economics,60(5).

The Colorful Story of the Three Little Pigs

Abstract This paper will focus its attention on James Halliwell Philipp’s short story, â€Å"The Three Little Pigs† and the main theme behind the story. The author James Halliwell is famous for writing fairy tales which have been used as nursery tales and nursery rhymes. Further, this paper will analyze James Halliwell as an author and an antiquarian researcher in literature.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on The Colorful Story of the Three Little Pigs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This fairy story features or rather is dominated by anthromorphic animals. This paper will also feature eight different editors who have been interested in the story since its first publication. These authors have each analyzed and given different views and opinions regarding the story of the three little pigs. This story is of great interest to the western culture because of the great morals it possess as demonstr ated by the phrases used throughout the entire piece. Just like James Halliwell, the subsequent retellings present the story in the first person narrator. This is done by the wolf to portray the misunderstanding between him and the little pigs. This story is told to inspire people to work hard so as to achieve success. James Halliwell Philipps He was born James Orchard Halliwell-Philipps on the 21st June, 1820 to Thomas Halliwell. James was educated at the Jesus College in Cambridge where he took interest in English literature which was under the antiquarian research. As he grew, he became an â€Å"English Shakespearean scholar† as well as â€Å"English Nursery Rhymes and Fairy Tales† collector. His literature work began at 19 years and was dominated by textual criticism. He gave up the textual criticism in 1870 to concentrate on Shakespeare’s life. In 1872, James Halliwell assumed the name Philipps to honor the will of his first wife’s grandfather. From this time, Halliwell-Philipps took interest and were actively involved in editing literature related to the Percy Society, the Camden Society, and the Shakespeare society. His house was full of strange and rare work which he donated to libraries, institutions, and universities. The Colorful Story of the Three Little Pigs The story outline is the tale of three pigs with a duty to build a home. The story actually opens with the mother of these title characters sending them to â€Å"seek out their fortune.† The first pig takes little time at this thus builds a house out of straw so as to have extra time relaxing and playing outside.Advertising Looking for book review on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The second pig values relaxation just like the first one and as a result, uses sticks to build a home. Although he takes a lot of time doing this, he hurries to link up with his lazy friend for play and re laxation. The third pig is quite thoughtful therefore chooses to build a home out of bricks. This task requires him to put a lot of effort and use extra time to have the best results. Instead of taking time to play and relax with the other two, he seems to value a proper home. His effort pays off when the â€Å"Big Bad Wolf† visits their homes and tries to trick them out of their homes. He three pigs outsmart the wolf thus he resolves to use force to enter. The third pig’s house is the only one which stands up to the wolf’s pressure. Why James Halliwell Philipp’s wrote the story Three little pigs is a fairy tale that was written by James Halliwell in the year 1849. On its first publication, the story appeared in the book, â€Å"Popular Rhymes and Nursery Tales.† It is not quite clear whether James Halliwell was the original author of the story or he had passed it from another. Through the phrases used in this story, the reader can draw a variety of morals. As a result, the story has become popular in the western culture. The main moral behind this story or rather the reason why James Halliwell Philipps wrote this story was to inspire the readers to work hard in everything they do so as to achieve success or favorable outcomes. All the same, the reader can tell the primary moral lesson as that working hard and dedication to whatever one does actually pays off. With reference to the story, the reader can see that, the first two pigs had built their homes in a hurry so as to have more time to play. The third pig had labored hard while constructing his house of bricks. When these a comparison is done between these three, it is clear that hard work brings about success with the third little pig’s house lasting long.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on The Colorful Story of the Three Little Pigs specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This educates the reader s by showing them that, taking time and extra effort while performing tasks could bear them favorable and successful outcomes. Today, many organizations, parents, and teachers encourage their subjects to take extra time and put more effort in whatever undertaking so as to achieve the best results. This story of the three little pigs has been used in many contexts to encourage people. During the Great Depression, Walt Disney released a short film which inspired many people to get through the frustrations of the era. The bad wolf was used to symbolize the Americans strife while the three little pigs symbolized victory. With the inspiration derived from the three little pigs’ tale, the people knew for sure they will get out of the depression through hard work. The modern day story done by Joseph Jacobs has little modifications so as to appeal to the young people. The original story explains that, the bad wolf landed in the boiling pot and died while the today’s version sh ows that the wolf came down the chimney and only burned his tail. In his work, Alley Zoe tells the story of three little pigs who are sent by their mother to seek out their fortune. The little pigs travel to foreign land and each has to build his own home. The first pig builds a house made of straw since he is lazy and loves playing and relaxing. The second little pig builds a house out of sticks so that he can have more time to relax and play as well. The third little pig who is clever builds a home out of bricks. One day, a fox visits the first little pig and destroys the straw house and eats the little pig. The following day he destroys the second little pig’s house and eats him as well. When he visits the clever pig’s house, he tries all sorts of tricks but his plans are spoiled over and over. This angers him and resolves to enter the little pig’s house through the chimney oblivious of the boiling pot beneath. All of a sudden, the fox lands in the boiling po t and the little pig eats him for supper.Advertising Looking for book review on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ashliman’s work is a reprint of Jacobs and Lang’s versions of the â€Å"Three Little Pigs.† Ashliman relates the story of â€Å"The Three Goslings† with the tale of â€Å"The Three Little Pigs.† Ashliman tells the story of three goslings whereby two are selfish and will not allow the younger sister to share their home. The author shows how each gosling builds a home. The two selfish sisters build unstable homes while the young one who is clever constructs the best house. A fox comes along and swallows the two selfish sisters. The third sister hurries to rescue her sisters by cutting open the fox’s stomach. The two goslings ask for forgiveness and the three live in the young gosling’s home happily. This new version by Dallimore, the story of three little bush pigs is told. Each bush pig tries to build a house to protect them from the old dingrel. The first pig builds a house of â€Å"prickly pear,† the second builds a house of à ¢â‚¬Å"weetabrix boxes,† and the third clever pig builds a house that can withstand the pressure of the dingrel. In the end, the little bush pigs report the dingrel to the Shire Council who take care of it. In his version, Graham tells the tale of three little pigs who live with their mother. When they grow older, the mother tells them to move out and build their own homes and keep watch on the Big Bad Wolf. The three little pigs travel together down the road and come across a man with a cart of straws. The first little pig asks the man to sell him the straws so that he can build a house and still spare some money to buy junk food. Upon seeing a man with a cart of sticks, the second pig asks to buy them and build a house out of them. The man advises both the first and the second little pigs that straw and sticks cannot make a strong house although it is cheap.  The third little pig meets a man with a cart full of bricks and buys them to build his house. When the Big Bad Wolf visits the first and second little pigs, he destroys their unstable houses but luckily they run to their brother’s house. The Wolf follows them to the brick house and tries to trick them severally with no luck. The wolf decides to climb down the chimney so as to reach the little pigs. The pigs keep a boiling pot of water under the chimney such that when the wolf comes down he lands on the water and climbs back howling in pain. The wolf howls down the road and the little pigs live happily ever after. In his book Popular Rhymes and Nursery Tales, Halliwell tells the story of three little pigs who were sent by their mother to find their own fortune. Halliwell narrates how the first little pig begs a man to offer him straw so that he can put up his house. The man offers the little pig the straw with which he proceeds to build a house in hurry so as to have extra time for relaxation and play. Halliwell goes on to illustrate how a big and bad wolf comes to the little pig’s h ouse and breaks in to eat him up for the house cannot stand the wolf’s pressure. The author continues to demonstrate to the reader how the second pig meets a man who offers him â€Å"a bundle of furze† to build himself a house. In a hurry, the second little pig builds an unstable house so as to have extra play and relaxation time. The author clearly demonstrates to the reader the consequences of a badly done work when the Big Bad Wolf comes knocking. The wolf huffs and puffs and in the end blows the little pig’s house down and eats him up. Halliwell proceeds to show the reader how the third little pig meets a man and asks for his bricks to build a house with. Without hesitating the man offers the little pig the bricks with which he constructs a firm house with. When the wolf comes knocking and the little pig declines letting him in, he huffs and puffs but is not able to bring the house down. The author demonstrates the cunning character of the wolf by telling th e little pig he knows where to find nice turnips. The little pig agrees to accompany the wolf to Mr. Smith’s field to collect turnip the following day. The pig is depicted as clever for he leaves earlier to fetch the turnips an action which pisses the wolf. The wolf is seen to try every trick to get to eat the wolf but the little pig outsmarts him. In the end, the wolf is seen to declare eating the little pig by getting down the chimney since he cannot bring down the brick house. The writer shows the reader how the little pig makes up a big fire and hangs a pot full of water such that when the wolf comes down the chimney, he lands on the boiling water. The wolf is boiled and offers the little pig a huge feast that evening. Hook Williams tells the story of three little pigs living with their old mother whom after her death travel to find their own homes. The first pig builds a house out of straw while the second builds a house out of sticks.  The third clever little pig buil ds his house out of bricks. When the fox comes, he destroys the houses of the first and second pig. The two pigs run to the safety of their brother’s brick house where they burn old fox in a boiling pot of water. In the book â€Å"The Story of the Three Little Pigs,† Jacobs notes the relation between this tale and the story â€Å"Wolf and Seven Little Kids.† He observes that kids have â€Å"hair on their chinny chin-chins† and not the pigs. In his work, Jacobs tells the tale of three little pigs that are sent by their mother to seek their fortune. Jacobs illustrates how the little pigs have different thinking capacities. The first pig builds a home out of straw such that when the Big Bad Wolf visits, he blows the house down and eats the little pig.  Just like the first pig, the second little pig values relaxation and as a result builds a house out of sticks. When the wolf comes along, he huffs and puffs the house down and eats the little pig. Jacobs dem onstrates the third little pig as clever for he builds a house out of bricks. When the wolf visits, he realizes that he cannot blow the house down and resolves to trick the little pig who outsmarts him anyway. After trying without success, the wolf decides to go down the chimney so as to eat the little pig. Jacobs captures the reader’s attention through the dramatic out turn of events; the wolf lands in a pot of boiling water and the little pig eats him for supper. In his version, Lang tells the story of a sow that lives with her three children o n a â€Å"large, comfortable, old-fashioned farmyard.† The pigs are named Browny, Whitey, and the youngest Blacky. Lang illustrates Browny as naughty who does not listen to his mother’s or friends pleas. Browny loves to play and roll in the mud. The author depicts whitey as clever but greedy; he thoughts linger around food. Whitey is seen to always look forward to dinner and when the food is poured she fights both Brown y and Blacky so as to get the bigger pieces. Just like he mother warns Browny about being naughty, she warns Whitey about her selfish and greedy character. Lang illustrates Blacky as good natured with no characters of both Browny and Whitey. Lang says â€Å"he had nice dainty ways†¦his skin was always smooth and shining.† Blacky is seen as the cleverest of the three and as a result their mother was proud of him. The author shows a time when the mother of the three becomes old and feeble therefore calls his three piglets with an offer to build each a house. Browny prefers a house made of mud while Whitey prefers a cabbage house while Blacky prefers a house that is built with brick. Their mother applauds Blacky for being sensible especially with the fox being their worst enemy. Lang tells how the pigs move to their houses after their mother’s death. Browny is seen to enjoy rolling in his mud house until the day fox comes to visit. Browny does not let the fox in but with the use of his paws, he digs up a hole and gets his way in.  The fox grabs Browny by the neck and heads to his den for a feast. The following day, the fox is seen visiting Whitey who is enjoying a meal of cabbage. Whitey refuses to hear fox’s pleas to let him in; all the same the fox being sly eat his way to Whitey and took him to his house. The next day, the fox heads to Blacky’s house to try his luck. He tries all sorts of tricks but Blacky outsmarts him. For he does not give up, the fox goes up the chimney without realizing that Blacky has put a large kettle on the fire. The fox lands on the boiling water and dies instantly while Blacky rushes to the den to rescue both Browny and Blacky. The three are re-united and live with Blacky in his brick house happily ever after. References Alley, Z. (2008). There’s a Wolf at the Door. Illus. R W. Alley. New York: Roaring Brook Press. Ashliman, D. (1987). A Guide to Folktales in the English Language. New York: G reenwood Press. Dallimore, P. (2008). The Three Little Bush Pigs. Aussie Gems. Malvern, S. Australia: Omnibus Books Graham, A. (2000). Fairytale in the Ancient World. London: Routledge. Halliwell, J. (1849). Popular Rhymes and Nursery Tales. London: John Russell Smith. Hooks, W. (1989). The Three Little Pigs and the Fox. New York: Aladdin. Jacobs, J. (1890). The Story of the Three Little Pigs: English Fairy Tales. London: David Nutt, 1890. Lang, A. (1965). The Green Fairy Book. New York: Dover. This book review on The Colorful Story of the Three Little Pigs was written and submitted by user Deon N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

6 Neuroscience Hacks to Beat Writers Block - Freewrite Store

6 Neuroscience Hacks to Beat Writers Block - Freewrite Store The page is blank and the cursor is blinking at you accusingly. You’ve been sitting at your computer for an hour and you’ve written a sum total of nothing. It’s not that you don’t want to write – it’s that you can’t. The words that yesterday flowed so easily have disappeared into the ether – and you’re wondering despairingly if they’re ever going to return. Most (if not all) writers are familiar with this scenario. The dreaded writer’s block – that, for me at least, usually turns up when there’s an important deadline looming. Recently, however, I got into an argument with a friend – another writer – who insisted that writer’s block doesn’t exist. Writer’s block, he said, was all in my mind. He’s not the first to suggest that idea. I headed straight to Google to find out what others have to say about it (hoping to be able to present my friend with proof that I was right and he was wrong). Instead, I stumbled across some fascinating research from the world of neuropsychology and neuroscience. It turns out that writer’s block is just in my head – but not in the way that my friend was suggesting. The Neuropsychology of Writer’s Block Neuropsychology is a complex field that combines psychological understandings of the mind with a more physiological investigation of the way that the brain works. For example, neuropsychology might look at what neurons are firing when we experience certain feelings, or what the parts of the brain that are active during specific experiences or actions. So, what does neuropsychology have to say about writer’s block? Neurologists, psychologists, neuropsychologists and neuroscientists have been studying and debating for decades why things like writer’s block occur. While some psychologists will conclude that writer’s block is more of an excuse than a phenomenon, there have been studies that have set out to demonstrate that there’s neuropsychological evidence for the reality of writer’s block. Executive Dysfunction Neuropsychologists Elkhonon Goldberg and Russell Barkley have both investigated a set of complex mental functions that happen in (or are controlled by) the pre-frontal cortex known as ‘executive functions’. It is these executive functions that allow us to do things like plan, organize, prioritize, self-monitor, initiate and sustain certain behaviors as we pursue goals. When there’s disruption to executive functions, we enter a state Russell Barkley has called ‘executive dysfunction’. A sign of executive dysfunction is an inability to stop ourselves from doing something that’s preventing us from achieving a goal-focused activity. A prime example of this is when you’ve set yourself a goal of writing a blog post but spend the time set aside for writing watching videos of dogs on YouTube. When writers are experiencing writer’s block, then, it’s a form of executive dysfunction. Certainly, there are problems with executive functions when you feel that your creativity is blocked. These problems can include: Difficulties with getting started (initiation) Distraction Trouble prioritizing Struggling to pace ourselves Emotional Roots Another key neuropsychological view of writer’s block came from Gene Parret. His theory is that not only is writer’s block a genuine malady, but it is also rooted in underlying fears. Neuroscience backs up this idea. Everything that we do is the result of neurons firing in our brains – and strong emotions, such as fear, can have a profound effect on neuron functions. Parret’s view is that the way that we perceive our writing abilities plays a huge role in our experience of writer’s block. For example, if you have a negative mindset (such as thinking that no one will want to read what you’re writing) and sit down to write, the negativity will impact on your neuron pathways and cause difficulties with the writing process. The Psychology of Writing Ronald Kellogg is the author of ‘The Psychology of Writing’ and he has highlighted the way that certain environments, schedules and rituals can either increase or inhibit writing processes. There’s a neuropsychological link with this, as it’s been shown that neural pathways can be activated by associations with places, times of day, and so on. Circadian Rhythm Rules There are links, too, with the circadian rhythms (otherwise known as the sleep-wake cycle). For example, many writers find that their creative juices flow better at certain times of day. This is another area that has been backed up by neuroscience – albeit in studies done with mice. Neuroscientific studies have revealed that circadian rhythms aren’t just about when we’re awake and when we’re asleep. There are also times of the day that are better suited to different types of tasks. To make this more complicated, everyone’s circadian rhythm for specific tasks is different, so there are no rules when it comes to the specific times when you should be doing something. What the circadian rhythm studies have shown, though, is that if you don’t understand your own circadian rhythms, you could find yourself trying to write when your brain is better optimized for research (knowledge-processing). There are different neural processes involved in creativity (such as writing) compared with more structured tasks (such as research), so when you experience writer’s block, it could actually be that you’re trying to be creative when your brain wants to be learning. Interestingly, we’re notoriously bad at correctly understanding our own circadian rhythm, too. Some research has proved that self-proclaimed ‘morning-people’ are actually more productive in the evening, and those who call themselves ‘night-owls’ are more productive during the morning. Could beating writer’s block be as simple as better understanding your circadian rhythm? Using Neuropsychology to Combat Writer’s Block Now that we’ve taken a quick tour through some of the complexities of neuropsychology, it’s time to get practical. How can you use neuropsychology to combat writer’s block? There are actually a number of techniques you can use that have their roots in neuropsychological thinking. 1.  Cognitive Cueing Cognitive cueing is based on Kellogg’s understanding of how certain places can impact on the efficiency of certain processes. It’s not an immediate fix, as it takes time to establish cognitive cues, but it’s a technique that’s been shown to help break the cycle of writer’s block. With cognitive cueing, you need to create a specific space that is only used for writing. It will only be effective if that space is exclusively for writing – if you use it for anything else, the cognitive cues won’t work. Your brain will come to associate the space with the act of writing, and the neural pathways that are formed will kick-start the writing process when you return to the space to write. 2.  Circadian Self-Reflection Since our circadian rhythms have such a big impact on our ability to perform specific tasks, it makes sense that another means of beating writer’s block lies in understanding the times of day that are most suited to writing. It’s different for everyone, so the only way to figure out the times of day that are suited to research and those that are better suited for creativity is through self-reflection. Keep a journal or notes about your daily activities and reflect on how easy (or difficult) the different types of tasks seemed. Vary the times of day that you complete tasks so that you can begin to see patterns. When you understand your circadian rhythm, you can focus your writing activities at the most creative times of day, and reduce your risk of writer’s block. 3.  Incubate Your Creativity Incubation of ideas is a neuropsychological principle that’s been tested on mice. It’s based on the idea that when you work on a task (or learn a skill) and then take a break or begin a different task, the neural pathways involved in the original task or skill remain active. RELATED: Writing Habits to Jumpstart Your Creativity Applying this to writer’s block, if you find that you’re struggling to get the words onto the page (or screen), then taking a break and doing something else – going for a walk, reading a book, and so on – can allow ideas to incubate, since the neural pathways that related to your writing task will stay active. Writers regularly report that their best ideas come when they’re doing something completely unrelated, so it’s worth trying incubation to beat writer’s block. 4.  Motivational Methods In neuropsychology, there are different types of motivation that have been identified, and people tend to have one or the other. These are known as ‘approach motivation’ and ‘avoidance motivation’. ‘Approach motivated’ people are optimistic about what they can achieve, and positively motivated to complete tasks. ‘Avoidance motivated’ people, by contrast, are negative and motivated by a fear of failure. Neuroscience shows that changes in neuronal activity can be affected by perceived outcomes – so what we think will be the result impacts on our performance. If we start writing worried that no one will want to read what we’re writing, this perceived outcome will negatively impact our neurons, and the writing task will become more difficult. RELATED:  55 Motivational Writing Quotes from Famous Authors The solution to this problem is to change our motivational type and use approach motivation. To do this, we focus on positive outcomes and set easily attainable goals that will reinforce the positivity. The more we attain these ‘easy’ goals, the better the impact on our neurons, and the less likely we are to experience writer’s block. 5.  Background Noise I was skeptical about this technique – until I tried it myself. Apparently, studies have shown that writers are often more productive in coffee shops or other similar environments where others are being productive. This has something to do with background noise – and there are now apps that will actually replicate the ambient noise of a coffee shop for writers who aren’t able to physically go out and sit in a coffee shop to write when they’re feeling blocked. Different types of background noise can either positively or negatively affect our creativity and productivity, so it’s important to note that you need to find the kind of background noise that works for you. Some people, for example, are more sensitive to noise, so a very busy coffee shop could have a negative impact on their ability to write, but a quieter shop could help to combat writer’s block. 6.  Unplug and Reset In the modern world, it sometimes feels like we’re slaves to our technological devices. Smartphones, tablets, and laptops keep us constantly connected to emails, social media, online videos and other distractions – which can be bad news if you’re already prone to experiencing writer’s block. There are a range of psychological benefits to unplugging from technology for a while. Unplugging can help when you’re feeling depressed and anxious or overwhelmed in any way. It can also help with writer’s block, by removing distractions and allowing you the opportunity to reset and get back in touch with your creativity. If you’re used to writing on a laptop or desktop computer, switching off all your technology can help unblock you when you feel like your creativity has dried up. The abundance of distractions on the internet can make it impossible to focus on anything and get into a rhythm.   It’s a simple technique that increases your ability to focus and helps get those creative juices flowing again. While you could abandon technology completely and go back to the basics with pen/paper, most of us can type much faster than we write.   Plus, re-transcribing handwritten notes to the computer is extremely tedious. Luckily, there is a way to unplug but still reap the benefits of technology: Freewrite’s distraction-free writing devices. With a typewriter-like feel and automatic syncing to the cloud, you can get writing again quickly. Find out more about the range of available devices here. A Treatment Plan for Writer’s Block Neuropsychology shows us that there’s scientific evidence for the existence of writer’s block – and it isn’t just excuses and/or laziness. Treating writer’s block with neuropsychology offers a range of techniques that can be used individually or combined into your own personal treatment plan. Experiment with the different techniques and find the ones that work best for you, so that you can combat the dreaded blank-page syndrome that writers fear.

Barbaric vs. Barbarous

Barbaric vs. Barbarous Barbaric vs. Barbarous Barbaric vs. Barbarous By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between barbaric and barbarous? The terms are nearly interchangeable, though for two connotations, one term is preferred over the other. Barbaric or barbarous behavior or other characteristics are those that suggest a cultural attainment between savagery and civilization. These adjectives also refer to unrestrained actions or those a civilized person would consider primitive, strange, or uncouth. Barbaric, however, is more appropriate in the sense of cruelty or harshness, while barbarous more strongly implies unsophisticated behavior. Barbarian, the noun form, is also used as an adjective. The origin of these terms is the Latin word barbaria, meaning â€Å"foreign country†; this meaning derives from the Greek term barbaros, meaning â€Å"foreign† or â€Å"strange.† Ultimately, it likely stems from the idea that utterances in unfamiliar languages sound like meaningless babble and can be recorded as something close to â€Å"bar-bar.† (Babble and blabber may be related to barbarian.) Latin usage referred to anyone outside the cultural influence of the Roman Empire, and later connotation of barbarian implied someone who does not speak one’s language; these senses, still later, extended to identify any ill-mannered person. The name Barbara shares this etymology, with the appealing sense of â€Å"exotic† rather than the unattractive one of â€Å"strange†; a saint by that name prompted its popularity among Christians. The root of the proper noun Barbary, which referred to the lands along the north coast of Africa, is of disputed origin. It derives from Berber, an Arabic term for the inhabitants of North Africa outside Egypt, which might have a local origin, might stem from Arabic (with the same sense of â€Å"babbler†), or might be borrowed from Greek. Barber is unrelated to these words and names; it stems from the Latin term barba, meaning â€Å"beard.† That word itself is probably cognate with barber through a common ancestor word. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeConfusing "Passed" with "Past"Drama vs. Melodrama

Analaysis of I think therefore I Err Epistemology cognition Essay

Analaysis of I think therefore I Err Epistemology cognition - Essay Example On the other hand, the latter is what is deemed as necessary and beneficial to the development of a given intelligent system. These good errors serve a functional role in the development of knowledge and, in turn, intelligence. It is in this regard that Gigerenzer makes â€Å"the study of human errors in experimental psychology† as his primary concern in inferring the laws of cognition (1). In his study, Gigerenzer defends an ecological versus that of a logical analysis of cognitive errors. In doing so, he claims that a proper analysis should not be based content-blind logical principles. Upon addressing the aforementioned problem, I shall deal with Gigerenzer’s analysis of the role of logic with regards to the workings of the human mind and intelligence. Specifically, I shall focus on his claim on logic as â€Å"a content-blind norm for good reasoning† (7). Herein, I shall argue that his analysis of the role of logic as a purely syntactic and content-blind theor y is mistaken. Like Daniel Kahneman and Amon Tversky, I agree that not all judgments can be analyzed by using empirical methods such as sampling and frequency estimates, for such are â€Å"unlikely to illuminate the processes that underlie such judgments† (589). Rather, I shall argue that Gigerenzer overlooks an important aspect of logic, that is, the intensional aspect of logic. By doing so, I shall focus on his explication of framing and invariance. In this essay, I intend to advocate the value of logic from an intensional point of view. In doing so, I shall show that Gigerenzer fails to prove that the study of cognitive errors in the light of logical forms of analyses fail to unravel the laws of mind. Summary In a section entitled, â€Å"Logic and Blunders,† Gigerenzer argues against the position of using logical theories as a foundation for analyzing and comparing the presence of errors in judgment, and thus, fails to define what really â€Å"errors of judgmentâ⠂¬  are, as well as to â€Å"open a window into the human mind† (4). In other words, logic does not help us understand and gain intelligence by pointing out our errors in judgment, rather; it blurs our understanding of what these â€Å"errors† really are, and thus, fails to open the possibility for progress and evolution of the human mind as an intelligent system. Given this perspective, Gigerenzer provides an example in logic to support his point, namely, framing. â€Å"Framing is defined as the expression of logically equivalent information in different ways† (Gigerenzer 7). Similarly, according to the principle of invariance, â€Å"different representations of the same choice problem should yield the same preference. That is, the preference between options should be independent of their description† (Gigerenzer 8). Thus, if different representations of the same choice problem yield different preferences, then it violates rational choice. Such violatio ns are deemed as errors in judgment that should not happen to any rational person. Gigerenzer gives the example of two ways of saying the following: â€Å"The glass is half full, and the glass is half empty† (8). Given the principle of invariance, these two formulations should not affect the choice of the person in picking which glass to hand over. However, it was shown that when asked to hand over the â€Å"half full glass, most participants picked the previously empty one† (Gigerenzer 8). The author then claims that such an example proves to show that two

Fall Prevention Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Fall Prevention - Research Paper Example This paper stresses that participation of more people, proper detailing of the evidence-based model and enhancing ongoing communications are the important steps in change management practice. These can increase the quality of service received by patients and family members. These steps can enhance the organizations’ working standards and provide optimum quality service that can reduce the chances of patient fall. Orientation tour along with fall prevention education helps to lower the chances of the risks involved in acute confusions. The author approves that the evidence-based model should be successfully applied by nurses because it can help in a variety of settings. The management should have long-term and short-term orientation plan. Continuity in the process of staff training on fall prevention and implementation of proper modules for orientation tour can definitely overcome the challenges of falls in the next 2-3 years on short-term basis. On long-term basis, the managem ent of hospital should try to expand the facility of care. This report makes a conclusion that it can be concluded that orientation tour with fall prevention education is essential for healthcare organizations. The increase of fall rate has also increased the expense of hospitals. The idea of educating patients and family members provides perfect outcome in reduction of fall rate through the implementation of Rosswurm & Larabee’s change model. Surveys opted by nurse and managers have tremendous effect on smooth running of the new evidence-based change model. Hence it can be said that orientation tour along with fall prevention education for family members and patients can lower the rate of falls of patients in long term care.

Soviet Union Essay Example for Free

Soviet Union Essay Name_____________________________________________ Unit Four: Ethnicity 1. Define ethnicity:_____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. List the four ethnicities mentioned in your text and list their regional location and percentage of the U.S. population: Ethnicity Region % in U.S. 4. List two cities where African Americans are concentrated and give the percentage of population they make up in these cities: 4.a._________________________________________________________________________________ 4.b.__________________________________________________________________________________ 5. List three cities where Hispanics are concentrated and give the percentage of population they make up in these cities: 5.a._________________________________________________________________________________ 5.b.__________________________________________________________________________________ 5.c._________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Name and describe three major migration patterns of African-Americans that have shaped their current distribution in the U. S: 6.a._________________________________________________________________________________ 6.b.__________________________________________________________________________________ 6.c._________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Contrast ethnicity and

America 1900 - 1930 :: American History

Throughout centuries, we as a society have come to realize American history's pros and cons. It has been both optimistic and unconstructive, throughout the late 18th century through the end of WWII. Politicians and business leaders showed us how our societies have eventually come together in the creation of modern society. It has been an extensive and tough struggle from the 1870's horizontal and vertical integration to the 1930s great depression and the ending of World War II. In this essay I will discuss how the government and big businesses impacted and intertwined with one other in the growth of modern society. In the early 1870s, people were eager to expand and control their society. It was around this time, which also showed us consumerism at its best. It was the start of the big business boom, which included different methods and parts, some even involving corrupt politicians in order to gain control. A man by the name of Andrew Carnegie led this era of the industrial society. Carnegie was ambitious and hard working which showed people that anyone could do it. He would work a low paying job and take classes at night like most of us citizens do today. Carnegie would just grow in the corporate world and gain knowledge by getting promoted in Pennsylvania Railroads. After years of developing his skills, he decided to build his own steel mill. He introduced us to vertical Integration, meaning purchasing all the products, which are needed. Carnegie would buy the mountain, create a melting device, hire cheap labor and initially create a factory. This form of integrated goods made the process a lot cheaper. Carnegie was in the steel production integration scene, which was used to create the railroads. (Boyer, P. 369). These railroads helped create a form of transportation for local businesses to transport goods. In "The Enduring Vision", the author explains by the 1900s, 193,000 miles of railroad track crisscrossed the United States. (Boyer, 369) Connecting every state in the union opening an internal market. This illustrates the relationship between railroad expansion and corporate America. It also was a start for John Rockefeller, a local oilman who believed in vertical integration and also created horizontal integration. Horizontal integration was a form of control, which meant buying out your competitor legally or illegally. His method was very similar to Carnegie's: cost cutting and efficiency. Rockefeller would use aggression and dishonesty to force out competitors.

Vegetation Dynamics In Gravel Bed Rivers Environmental Sciences Essay

Background Gravel-bed rivers support a complex mosaic of both tellurian and aquatic home grounds of singular value for the whole river ecosystem. However, many fluvial system of the universe have been crucially affected by assorted human intercessions such as landuse alterations, torrent-control work and dike edifice, and crushed rock excavation ( Surian & A ; Rinaldi, 2003 ) . These recent alterations led to the break of the really complex channel morphology typical of braided systems, which in bend strongly affects their ecological position and their ability to incorporate inundation flows. Different human intercessions ( deposit excavation, channelisation, dikes, re-afforestation and downpour control works ) have been identified as the causes of channel accommodations in Italian rivers ( Surian and Rinaldi, 2003 ; Surian et al. , 2009 ) . For an overview on the causal factors such river development, see besides Liebault and Piegay ( 2002 ) . Human impacts on river systems normally cause rapid and widespread channel incision/narrowing or aggradation/widening as a effect of fluctuations in flows, deposit government, and boundary conditions ( Surian et al. , 2009 ) . Overall, few surveies ( e.g. Surian et al. , 2009 ) confirmed a complex recent stage of accommodation that took topographic point over the last 15-20 old ages. Channel broadening has become the dominant procedure in most of the survey reaches but channel narrowing is still ongoing in some ranges. Channel broadening has taken placed without important bed-level fluctuations in some ranges of the Brenta river, in Italy ( Surian & A ; Cisotto, 2007 ) . Besides, it is still an unfastened inquiry if all the rivers underwent this recent stage of accommodation or, as proposed for rivers in France ( Piegay et al. , 2004 ) , recent channel alterations may be considered short-run fluctuations related to specific inundation events, instead than existent long-run accommodat ions. Overall, an effectual river Restoration is now recognized to be desperately needed for most of the affected Alpine rivers, and the actions must be based on reconstructing fluvial procedures and their natural kineticss. Such an attack ( which is besides enforced by the EU Water Framework Directive ) must be therefore based on a scientifically sound cognition of sediment conveyance and morphodynamics procedures undergoing on human-impacted crushed rock bed rivers ( Dufour & A ; Piegay, 2009 ) . The overall purpose of the proposed undertaking is to research the recent morphodynamic tendencies of two Italian gravel-bed rivers characterized by different grades of human impacts, placing and measuring the synergistic effects of flora kineticss and morphological alterations evaluated utilizing fresh geoinformatics techniques.AimsThe chief aims of the proposed survey is to measure the recent ( & lt ; 20 old ages ) evolutionary tendency of the Brenta and Piave river in northeasterly portion of Italy in order to: To develop an apprehension of the morphodynamics of the both rivers with regard to selected parametric quantities such as channel width, lift, lacing index, island tenancy, and active channel country ; To measure the yesteryear and present morphological alterations of the two rivers based on natural and human induced alteration ; To measure the interlinked relationship between the active channel and flora kineticss ; To develop direction options for Restoration and preservation for the both rivers towards resilient river home ground every bit good as next bio-diversity ( riparian flora ) .Material and methodsThe research will be carried out in the intermediate crushed rock bed sections of the Piave and Brenta rivers ( North Eastern Italy, Fig. 1 ) . The two basins are comparable in footings of size, clime, geological scenes, and flora ; likewise, the two rivers in the survey reaches present a historically similar braided/wandering channel form with interspersed vegetated islands. However, the two rivers differ sing the degree of human impacts. To carry through the chief aims of the undertaking, three sets of variables of the both rivers will be studied like ( 1 ) chief drive variables ( 2 ) boundary conditions and ( 3 ) adjusting variables or channel signifier. The methodological analysiss range from distant feeling to field measurings, harmonizing to the spacial and temporal graduated tables under probe. Three spacial graduated tables will be considered, runing from big ( i.e. , 25-30 kilometer ) , intermediate ( i.e, 1-2 kilometer ) and little ( i.e. , 10-100 m ) . Related to these, two temporal graduated tables will be addressed, embracing medium-term channel development ( & lt ; 20 years, related to channel-forming discharges ) and shorter-term alterations ( related to individual events ) . The techniques deployed comprise reading of oblique and perpendicular ( aerial ) exposure, analysis LiDAR information by GIS package, flora field studies, structural studies of river channels, topographic surveying by DGPS, photogra phic and sieve analysis of deposit grain size, and statistical analysis of hydrological and land usage clip series. Figure 1: Location of the survey sites. In order to transport out the proposed research, the undermentioned undertakings will be considered every bit good as carried out: To place morphological characteristics: Geomorphic procedure of the both rivers will be identified every bit good as quantified utilizing temporal high declaration orbiter image, aerial exposure and LiDAR imagination. Present and possible position of eroding and accumulation point in assorted locations of the both river will be analyzed every bit good. To place riverine flora: Vegetation is an of import constituent in the proposed survey. From the proposed datasets, flora coverage along the rivers will be identified utilizing appropriate flora algorithms. Damaged flora will place and quantify from a set of temporal satellite datasets. Topographical analysis: Digital lift theoretical account ( DEM ) , Digital terrain theoretical account ( DTM ) from LiDAR and tellurian informations will be used to mensurate incline and analyses the plumbing of the rivers in this undertaking. Furthermore, cross-section and longitudinal profile of the rivers will be analyzed by direct field with DGPS and hand-held instruments. Field study: Significant field study will be carried out throughout the project- Sedimentlogical study in both surface and sub-surface majority samples Geomorphological study for image informations proof along with observation of channel alterationsExpected results and strategic impacts of the undertakingThe chief expected end products of the research will be as follows: To analyse recent tendencies of channel narrowing and scratch, every bit good as channel constellation, of both rivers, associating different morphodynamic tendencies to different human impacts ; To associate alterations of flora countries along the both rivers to different morphodynamic development tendencies ; To measure tendencies of sediment conveyance and morphological development on both rivers ; To developed action programs for long-run Restoration and direction in the both rivers. Gravel-bed river systems are under force per unit area worldwide. Considerable dismay has been expressed about the environmental direct and indirect impacts of human activities, and great attempts are presently employed to develop a new array of sustainable direction schemes for gravel-bed ecosystems. Since anthropogenetic influences have impacted the morphodynamics of river systems, one of the major boundary conditions found in fluvial systems has been changed significantly, viz. the deposit budget ( Habersack & A ; Schober, 2005 ) . Retention of deposits in the upper portion of the basin ( dikes and reservoirs ) and gravel extraction from the average portion of the rivers have increased the disagreement between sediment supply and conveyance capacity, with terrible jobs of bed debasement and ecological impacts. In order to accomplish a good river ecological position by the 2015, harmonizing to the European Water Framework Directive ( WFD ) , the deposit budget has to be restored in the long term. This creates a strong demand to better the apprehension and direction of deposits kineticss. Besides, the high spatio-temporal variableness of deposit and flora kineticss in gravel-bed rivers is non sufficiently considered in inundation hazard appraisal, besides because there are still considerable scientific uncertainnesss due to the deficiency of long-run incorporate field measurings of such fluvial procedures. For this ground, the proposed undertaking is focused on a subject where the demand for farther research is really relevant for the direction of gravel-bed rivers environments and the efficient and well-directed usage of the limited H2O resource.Essential mentionsDufour, S. , Piegay, H. , 2009. From the myth of a lost Eden to targeted river Restoration: bury natural mentions and concentrate on human benefits. River Research and Applications 25 ( 5 ) , 568-581. Liebault, F. , Piegay, H. , 2002. Causes of twentieth century channel contracting in mountain and Piedmont Rivers of Southeastern France. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 27, 425-444. Piegay, H. , Walling, D.E. , Landon, N. , He, Q. , Liebault, F. , Petiot, R. , 2004. Contemporary alterations in sediment output in an alpine mountain basin due to afforestation ( the upper Drome in France ) . Catena 55, 183-212. Surian N, Rinaldi M. 2003. Morphologic response to river technology and direction in alluvial channels in Italy. Geomorphology, 50, 307-326. Surian, N. , Cisotto A. , 2007. Channel accommodations, bedload conveyance and deposit beginnings in a gravel-bed river, Brenta River, Italy. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 32, 1641:1656. Surian, N. , Ziliani, L. , Comiti, F. , Lenzi, M.A. , Mao, L. 2009b. Channel accommodations and change of deposit fluxes in gravel-bed rivers of Northeastern Italy: potencies and restrictions for channel recovery. River Research and Applications 25, 551- 567.

Experiences as a part of life Essay

Experiences are a part of life which makes man more confident, strengthen its capabilities and polish him like a diamond. Same thing happened to me when I took admission in university . After leaving college life entering in university life is a different experience for me where everything is change from environment to studies. The first day of university life was quite different than the rest of the days. Have you ever been so excited that your heart can’t stop beating? That’s how I was my first day at the university. I was very excited, but also I was frightened. I was about to meet the people who were going to be with me for four years. I kept asking myself; â€Å"would they be nice? Can I meet some good friends here? † That morning I woke up too early and arrived at the university early. When I got there, I just sat on the Philosophy Department stairs waiting for someone else to arrive. The minutes passed and nobody arrived†¦ 5, 7, 10 minutes and nothing. â€Å"Soon it’s going to be the meeting time and nobody else is here† I thought. When it was time and nobody appeared, I began to change my excite for fright and anguish. The time kept passing and nothing†¦ All of the new students were supposed to meet at 8 o’clock, and when I looked at my watch, it was 8:30 so I started to think that I was in the wrong place. Because I was waiting for so long, nobody arrived yet, and there wasn’t anybody whom I could ask where the right place was, I didn’t know what I should do, and I began to feel scared. Suddenly, a guy appeared and sat behind me. I saw him, and I wanted to ask if he knew something about the meeting, but he looked as lost as I was. After a few minutes, Mauricio, the guy sitting behind me, asked me â€Å"Excuse me, what time is it? † So I looked at my watch, and I realized that it was 8:45 already. â€Å"What am I going to do? † I thought, â€Å"I have to find the meeting place. † Soon another guy named Wilson arrived and before we could realize that he was there, he started to talk to us. After a short talk, he told us that he knew the university and that he could guide us to a place where the meeting probably was. So the three of us decided to go to another building and check if the meeting was there. As we all miss school life when we enter to college life in the similar manner we miss both college and school life when entering to university life because there is no comparison of college and school life with university. My first day at university was exciting one while entering through the gate I am wearing casual outfit and no uniform!!. I remember my college days when I entered to college I used to rush towards assembly area to attend assembly but there is no concept of assembly at university. When I enter to the class there are new faces over there (same situation as in college). During break I interact with my classmates and ask their names. When I was sitting in cafeteria five senior came and welcomed me in there own style (i. e. ragging). After this I had a lunch with some money left . when my class was over I realize that college and school days are the golden days of one’s life. You cannot compare the college days with university days. My first day at university has large impact on me because I realize that professional studies are much difficult and requires great dedication whereas school and college studies if you prepare for exam just one month before you can easily pass the exam. After the first day at university I feel that now I am grown up and now I can polish whatever the skills I possess . first day at university taught me the experience of life that in life you always find new faces, new environments and new challenges. If you are the able person these challenges doesn’t affect you. First day at university is a very delightful experience. When we arrived at the other building, all of the new students were in groups. The university had prepared some activities for integrating the Humanity Faculty’s new students, and all of the groups were already made. I felt lost, and suddenly Mauricio and Wilson, the only guys that I knew, disappeared. They went to their groups. â€Å"Which one is my group,† I thought with fear. After a long search I could find my group, and I joined. When I was in my group, I started to do the activities that they were doing from the early morning. There were five more people in my group, but none of them were going to be philosophy students, so no one in my group would actually be my classmate. There were two future sociology students and three future psychology students, but no future philosophy students. At lunch time, I met Mauricio again and he told me that he had met some future philosophy students. When the group activities ended, I met Mauricio, and we went out with some of our new classmates. That day we had the chance to meet each other and to make a nice group. Since that time we became very good friends. During my entire career, they were my friends. I had fun with them, and I also shared my sadness with them. They’re still my friends, and I know that they will be there when I need them, and I will be there for them whenever they need me.

Spinner Shark Facts (Carcharhinus brevipinna)

Spinner Shark Facts (Carcharhinus brevipinna) The spinner shark (Carcharhinus brevipinna) is a type of requiem shark. It is a live-bearing, migratory shark found in warm ocean waters. Spinner sharks get their name from their interesting feeding strategy, which involves spinning through a school of fish, snapping them up, and often leaping into the air. Fast Facts: Spinner Shark Scientific Name: Carcharhinus brevipinnaDistinguishing Features: Slender shark with long snout, black-tipped fins, and habit of spinning through water when feeding.Average Size: 2 m (6.6 ft) length; 56 kg (123 lb) weightDiet: CarnivorousLife Span: 15 to 20 yearsHabitat: Coastal waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian OceansConservation Status: Near ThreatenedKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: ChondrichthyesOrder: CarcharhiniformesFamily: CarcharhinidaeFun Fact: Spinner sharks dont eat humans, but will bite if they are excited by other food. Description The spinner shark has a long and pointed snout, slender body, and relatively small first dorsal fin. Adults have black-tipped fins that look as though they were dipped in ink. The upper body is gray or bronze, while the lower body is white. On average, adults are 2 m (6.6 ft) long and weigh 56 kg (123 lb). The largest recorded specimen was 3 m (9.8 ft) long and weighed 90 kg (200 lb). Spinner shark. Spinner sharks and blacktip sharks are commonly confused with each other. The spinner has a slightly more triangular dorsal fin that is further back on the body. An adult spinner shark also has a distinctive black tip on its anal fin. However, juveniles lack this marking and the two species share similar behaviors, so its difficult to tell them apart. Distribution Due to difficulty distinguishing between blacktip and spinner sharks, the spinners distribution is uncertain. It can be found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, with the exception of the eastern Pacific. The species prefers warm coastal water that is less than 30 m (98 ft) deep, but some subpopulations migrate into deeper water. Spinner shark distribution. Chris_huh Diet and Predators Bony fishes are the staple of the spinner sharks diet. The sharks also eat octopus, squid, cuttlefish, and stingrays. The sharks teeth are made for grabbing prey rather than cutting it. A group of spinner sharks chases a school of fish then charges it from below. A spinning shark snaps up fish whole, often carrying enough momentum to leap into the air. Blacktip sharks also employ this hunting technique, although it is less common. Humans are the spinner sharks primary predator, but spinner sharks are also eaten by larger sharks. Reproduction and Life Cycle Spinner sharks and other requiem sharks are viviparous. Mating occurs from spring to summer. The female has two uteri, which are divided into compartments for each embryo. Initially, each embryo lives off its yolk sac. The yolk sac forms a placental connection with the female, which then provides nutrients until the pups are born. Gestation lasts from 11 to 15 months. Mature females give birth to 3 to 20 pups every other year. Spinner sharks start reproducing between the ages of 12 and 14 and can live until they are 15 to 20 years old. Spinner Sharks and Humans Spinner sharks dont eat large mammals, so bites from this species are uncommon and not fatal. The fish will bite if provoked or excited during a feeding frenzy. As of 2008, a total of 16 unprovoked bites and one provoked attack were attributed to spinner sharks. The shark is valued in sport fishing for the challenge it presents as it leaps from the water. Commercial fishermen sell the fresh or salted meat for food, the fins for shark fin soup, the skin for leather, and the liver for its vitamin-rich oil. Conservation Status The IUCN classifies the spinner shark as near threatened worldwide and vulnerable along the southeastern United States. The number of sharks and the population trend is unknown, mainly because spinner sharks are so often confused with other requiem sharks. Because spinner sharks live along highly populated coasts, they are subject to pollution, habitat encroachment, and habit degradation. However, overfishing poses the most significant threat. The US National Marine Fisheries Service 1999 Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic Tunas, Swordfish, and Sharks sets bag limits for recreational fishing and quotas for commercial fishing. While sharks of the species grow quickly, the age at which they breed approximates their maximum lifespan. Sources Burgess, G.H. 2009. Carcharhinus brevipinna. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009: e.T39368A10182758. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009-2.RLTS.T39368A10182758.enCapape, C.; Hemida, F.; Seck, A.A.; Diatta, Y.; Guelorget, O. Zaouali, J. (2003). Distribution and reproductive biology of the spinner shark, Carcharhinus brevipinna (Muller and Henle, 1841) (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhinidae). Israel Journal of Zoology. 49 (4): 269–286. doi:10.1560/DHHM-A68M-VKQH-CY9FCompagno, L.J.V. (1984). Sharks of the World: An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization. pp. 466–468. ISBN 92-5-101384-5.Dosay-Akbulut, M. (2008). The phylogenetic relationship within the genus Carcharhinus. Comptes Rendus Biologies. 331 (7): 500–509. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2008.04.001Fowler, S.L.; Cavanagh, R.D.; Camhi, M.; Burgess, G.H.; Cailliet, G.M.; Fordham, S.V.; Simpfendorfer, C.A. Musick, J.A. (2005). Sharks, Rays and Chimaeras: The Sta tus of the Chondrichthyan Fishes. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. pp. 106–109, 287–288. ISBN 2-8317-0700-5.

The Conjugations for Déranger (to Disturb) in French

The Conjugations for Dà ©ranger (to Disturb) in French Dà ©ranger  is the French verb that means to disturb. This ones easy to remember if you think of the English derange, which is a synonym of disturb in some circumstances. In order to change the verb meaning to disturbed or disturbing, a conjugation is required and a quick lesson will walk you through this. Conjugating the French Verb  Dà ©ranger Dà ©ranger  is a  spelling change verb  and it follows a pattern found in similar verbs that end in -ger. This includes  corriger  (to correct) and  bouger  (to move)  and theres a good reason behind the subtle changes. When the letter G is followed by a hard vowel like an A or O, it typically uses a hard G sound. However, in words like  dà ©ranger, we want to retain the soft G and that is why an I sometimes replaces the E in conjugations.   Using the table, study the verb endings attached to the stem  dà ©rang-. Match the subject pronoun to the present, future, or imperfect past tense to find the correct form to use. For instance, I disturb is je dà ©range and we will disturb is  nous avons dà ©rangerons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je drange drangerai drangeais tu dranges drangeras drangeais il drange drangera drangeait nous drangeons drangerons drangions vous drangez drangerez drangiez ils drangent drangeront drangeaient The Present Participle of  Dà ©ranger The  present participle  of  dà ©ranger  is  dà ©rangeant.  This is done by simply adding -ant  to the verb stem. Beyond its usage as a verb, this can also become an adjective, gerund, or noun in some instances. Another Common  Past Tense Form   The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a common way to say the past tense disturbed in French. To use it, conjugate the  auxiliary, or helping verb  avoir  to fit the subject pronoun, then attach the  past participle  dà ©rangà ©. As an example, I disturbed is jai dà ©rangà © and we disturbed is nous avons dà ©rangà ©. Notice how the  ai  and  avons  are conjugates of  avoir  and that the past participle does not change. More Simple  Dà ©ranger  Conjugations The subjunctive verb mood is used when the verb has a level of uncertainty. Similarly, the conditional verb mood implies that the action is dependent on something else. These two verb forms are quite useful, especially with a verb like  dà ©ranger  where the disturbance may be questionable. Used with less frequency, you will often only come across the passà © composà © and the imperfect subjunctive in formal writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je drange drangerais drangeai drangeasse tu dranges drangerais drangeas drangeasses il drange drangerait drangeas dranget nous drangions drangerions drangemes drangeassions vous drangiez drangeriez drangetes drangeassiez ils drangent drangeraient drangrent drangeassent To express  dà ©ranger  in an exclamation, demand, or request, the imperative form is used. For this conjugation, the subject pronoun is not required, so tu dà ©range can be shortened to dà ©range. Imperative (tu) drange (nous) drangeons (vous) drangez